Blog

  • Met Gala 2026: Interpreting ‘Costume Art’ Through Fashion

    Met Gala 2026: Interpreting ‘Costume Art’ Through Fashion

    If fashion is art, then the 2026 Met Gala was its boldest gallery yet.

    On the first Monday of May, The Metropolitan Museum of Art held the year’s most anticipated night of fashion. As guests arrived, the 2026 Met Gala carpet showcased a multitude of celebrities in expressive outfits, all true to the evening’s theme. Each year, the Met Gala theme is designed to align with the museum’s spring exhibition; in 2026, this was ‘Costume Art.’ The red carpet dress code, ‘Fashion is Art,’ emphasised portraying one’s body as a canvas for sculptural and conceptual art through fashion choices.

    The theme ‘Costume Art’ was set to explore the relationship between the body and garments. The exhibition highlights the theme by analysing dressed bodies through art-driven reinterpretations. This particular theme celebrates over 5000 years of art history. The guests were encouraged to present themselves as wearable art with a theme so diverse that it leaves a lot of room for imagination. Several outfits were seen that were directly inspired by famous artworks, sculptures, and paintings.

    The evening’s highlights began with Emma Chamberlain, Vogue’s red-carpet correspondent, unveiling the first impactful look. Emma appeared in a custom hand-painted Mugler gown, created in collaboration with artist Anna Deller-Yee.

    The gown incorporated visible influence from painters Vincent van Gogh and Edvard Munch with intricate brush strokes and a raw blend of art.

    This incredibly captivating look was followed by Anna Wintour, the lead chair of the night and her co-chairs, Nicole Kidman and Venus Williams. Beyoncé, who is also a part of the chair, arrived later in the evening in a magnificent Olivier Rousting gown portraying a silver skeleton look, with her daughter, Blue Ivy. Although only 14 years old, Blue Ivy’s debut was just as spectacular and also rule-defying, considering individuals below the age of 18 are forbidden to attend the Gala.

    Some of the most talked-about looks of the night included that of supermodel and television host, Heidi Klum. Heidi arrived at the carpet in a complete head-to-toe transformation into a living sculpture. Her look referenced the famed 1847 sculpture, ‘The Veiled Vestal’ by Raffaelle Monti. She achieved this look with the help of prosthetic makeup designer Mike Marino, who had also previously worked with Klum.

    Another memorable look of the night was that of singer-songwriter SZA. She had adorned herself in a beautiful marigold-yellow corset gown with an embroidered layered skirt. Her colour theme included radiant combinations of yellow, golden and hints of rose. Her stylist, Emily Adams Bode Aujla, revealed that the two worked with a vintage dealer who sourced over a hundred yards of fabric in various materials to work with. The Grammy winner’s look included a floral headpiece and butterfly wings that appeared when she lifted her arms. The look was rooted in the craftsmanship of Viennese artists that aligned with SZA’s love for nature.

    Amongst the numerous debuts this year, Hudson Williams’ look stood out the most. The actor arrived in a baby blue Balenciaga cropped blazer, adorned with ornate black tassels. The show stopper, however, was his bold makeup look featuring metallic blue and red eyeshadow and his spiked hairstyle. The makeup look was inspired by the 2010 film ‘Black Swan’.

    Sabrina Carpenter arrived at the Met Gala steps dressed in Dior and channelling old Hollywood with her look. The singer was wrapped up in actual film strips of the 1954 Oscar-nominated film ‘Sabrina’ featuring Audrey Hepburn. Following this look, Sabrina changed into a 2018 Versace piece for her performance. As she treated the guests with her iconic hits ‘Espresso’ and ‘House Tour’, she captivated the audience with the silkscreen prints of pop culture icons like Marilyn Monroe on her dress.

    Karan Johar made his debut dressed in a custom look by collaborator and friend Manish Malhotra. He arrived in a structured jacket and a dramatic hand-painted cape that took over 5600 hours to make. The paintings were a homage to the legendary Indian painter, Raja Ravi Varma. Pieces like Kadambari, Hamsa Damayanti, Krishna Shishtai and many more were painted by over 80 artists in the span of three months.

    Also deriving her looks from historical Indian references was Isha Ambani. She wore a custom-made Gaurav Gupta sari adorned with two hundred old mine-cut diamonds, collected over time as Nita Ambani’s private collection, that were sewn across the bodice. To complete this look, Isha carried an actual sculpture of a mango made by renowned artist Subodh Gupta. Her look was said to be inspired by India’s rich textile heritage for this piece.

    A notable element about this year’s gala was the number of young debuts. Influencers, young actors, and global pop culture figures are given the exclusive opportunity to present themselves on the biggest fashion stage in the world. Sombr, Alyssa Liu, Tate McRae, Odessa A’zion, Connor Storie, Jisoo, Lauren Wasser, Marcello Hernandez and many others marked their debut as emerging rising talents.

    As the evening concluded, it ultimately showcased that fashion continues to evolve beyond trends. It is a culmination of craftsmanship, self-expression and unapologetic extravagance. This year’s theme, ‘Costume Art,’ pushed the attendees to experiment with their knowledge of fashion while celebrating artists who deserve to be remembered in history. With striking debuts and creative interpretations of the theme, the biggest night in the landscape of contemporary fashion came to an end.

  • Artemis II: Return to Deep Space After 50 Years

    Artemis II: Return to Deep Space After 50 Years

    Mission Overview

    Launched on April 1, 2026 from the Kennedy Space Centre in Merritt Island, Florida after more than 50 years since the Apollo 17 mission, NASA has resumed crewed exploration beyond Earth orbit once again. During this mission, four astronauts have been launched to travel around the moon before returning to Earth. The crew includes NASA astronauts Reid Wiseman, Victor Glover, and Christina Koch, along with Canadian astronaut Jeremy Hansen. The mission is expected to last 10 days, ending with a splashdown in the Pacific Ocean. The mission aims to test critical safety measures required for future deep space exploration.

    Trajectory and Distance

    Artemis II is designed to follow a free return trajectory, allowing spaceflight to loop around the moon and return to Earth using lunar gravity. The mission is expected to set several human spaceflight records, including distance from Earth (406,773 km); distance beyond the Moon (about 7,600 km); and velocity (atmospheric re-entry speed of about 40,000 km/h).

    Mission Objectives and Testing

    Artemis II is mainly designed to check the Orion Spaceflight, NASA’s deep space crew vehicle, designed to carry astronauts beyond low Earth orbit, and its overall performance in deep space conditions. Key systems, including life support, navigation, propulsion and communication, are being tested to ensure they can operate reliably during long duration missions beyond low Earth orbit.

    The astronauts are also carrying out operational tasks such as proximity manoeuvres, handling onboard systems and preparing for emergencies. These activities are intended to assess how effectively both the crew and spaceflight can function together in deep space.

    In parallel with this, the crew is participating in health related experiments, including tracking sleep patterns, studying radiation exposure, and observing how the human body responds in space. The data collected will help scientists to understand the physical and psychological impact of deep space and to improve future deep space missions.

    Radiation exposure is a key concern. During the mission, astronauts are expected to use about 5% of their total lifetime radiation limit, which is roughly equal to the exposure from spending a month on the International Space Station. Studying these radiation exposure levels will help improve protection systems and establish safety for longer missions, including further lunar landings.

    Crew Composition

    The Artemis II crew includes four astronauts, representing both NASA and the Canadian Space Agency.

    The crew consists of NASA astronauts Reid Wiseman (50), the oldest member of the crew, Victor Glover (49), the first Black astronaut assigned to a lunar mission, and Christina Koch (47), the first woman assigned to a lunar mission. Jeremy Hansen (50) is the first non-U.S. citizen to participate in a mission beyond low Earth orbit.

    Launch and Early Mission Phases

    The mission was launched successfully from the Kennedy Space Centre, with the Space Launch System (SLS) generating over 8 million pounds of thrust during liftoff. Post launch, the Orion spaceflight entered a high Earth orbit and later performed a translunar injection burn lasting for approximately six minutes, placing it on a trajectory towards the moon.

    During the initial phase of the mission, astronauts carried out system checks, tested onboard equipment and prepared for the lunar flyby. The Spaceflight has already travelled more than 100,000 miles from Earth and continues to follow its planned trajectory.

    Future Prospects

    Artemis II is part of a broader program focused on returning humans to the moon. The next big mission, Artemis III, is expected to attempt a crewed lunar landing with a focus on the moon’s south pole.

    This region is being studied for the presence of water ice beneath its surface. These resources could be useful for producing fuel and supporting life during future missions. Unlike other missions, Artemis III is designed for long-term exploration rather than short-term visits.

    Artemis II is set to be the first crewed mission beyond low Earth orbit in over five decades. As astronauts travel in deep space and test critical systems, this mission provides data that will help future lunar exploration. It also reflects a broader step toward expanding human presence beyond Earth, with implications for long-term space missions.

  • Identity Issues in India: Transgender Rights at Risk

    Identity Issues in India: Transgender Rights at Risk

    After the passing of the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Amendment Bill, 2026 on 24 March by Lok Sabha and consequently on 25 March by Rajya Sabha, many have expressed their annoyance and frustration. The bill that follows the edicts of exclusion more than inclusion under the guise of welfare and protection has been sent for the President’s assent to become law.

    The bill amends the 2019 Transgender Persons Act, which allowed for a considerable amount of freedom on the matters of identity and dignity. The 2019 law was based on the landmark National Legal Services Authority (NALSA) judgement passed by the Supreme Court in 2014. It recognised the right to identify one’s gender as a fundamental right. Individuals could identify as transgenders, legally, without the interference of any medical or bureaucratic board. 

    According to the amendments in the new bill, the right to self-identify gender has been removed and self-identification carries no legal sanctity. The law involves a verification system that requires medical and official inspection. The District Magistrate can issue a Certificate of Identity only after reviewing a recommendation from a designated medical board, headed by a Chief Medical Officer or Deputy Chief Medical Officer. Many argue that this gives undue control to the state over personal identity. The amendment restricts the definition of ‘transgender’ and who qualifies as one under the law. The focus has been shifted to protect specific socio-cultural groups like the Hijras, the Kinnars, the Aravanis and the Jogtas and cater to certain biological conditions. It excludes broader categories and identities and self-perceived gender. There also exists ambiguity about the legality of the previously issued transgender certificates which were based on self-identification which might cause chaos and disruption administratively. 

    The law is considered controversial as it reverses the progress made since 2014 in terms of identity and autonomy and aims to “gatekeep” the right to self-identify. Critics, including activists like Laxmi Narayan Tripathi and Grace Banu say the law violates the right to dignity, privacy and bodily autonomy and differs from Supreme Court rulings and constitutional principles. Two members of the National Council of Transgender Persons (NCTP), Kalki Subramanium and Rituparna Neog, even resigned from their posts consequently after the passing of the bill. The government and its supporters argue that the amendment provides a precise legal definition, preventing misuse of benefits for transgenders persons and improving implementation of welfare schemes. 

    The law is already affecting people, those who had recently secured legal recognition of their gender now face uncertainty. Families and healthcare workers are also concerned about the access to gender-affirming care and documentation. The near future probably holds legal challenges in courts, protests and activism related to the law and debate over balancing regulation with human rights. 

    As the bill remains unpassed as a law yet, the breach of right to self-identification and autonomy seems concerning to say the least. The amendment marks a turning point in India’s transgender rights framework. Though opinions seem divided, the compassion for the people subjected to the law must not diminish. Everyone regardless of their identities and orientation are entitled to live a life of dignity based on their terms and idea of self.

  • India Without Spring: A Season Disappears

    India Without Spring: A Season Disappears

    Spring, in essence, is a transition. It is a narrow window between the retreating winter and the advancing summer. The season has always been a gentle bridge between the two extremes of nature, offering enough time to nature and to human life to adjust and thrive in the climate of India. However, unseasonably high temperatures have arrived early across India this year, shrinking the window and making the transition more abrupt. The India Meteorological Department (IMD) has reported that the shortening of winter and absolute disappearance of the spring season is a consequence of the vigorous climate change across India. The energy imbalance has increased significantly over the past years since its observation began in 1960, specifically over the past two decades, and has been recorded to peak in 2025. Spring has been a season of equilibrium in India, between the cold of winter and the heat of summer. 

    The World Meteorological Organisation reports that the Earth’s climate is more out of balance now than any other time in observed history with rising temperatures and extreme weather events. 

    The Indian Meteorological Department has also issued a warning for possible above-normal heatwaves in India throughout March and May. Experts also warn that such weather conditions may turn into a norm if immediate measures to adapt to such changes are not implemented, which may further lead to an ecological disbalance in India. 

    According to climate data, over the past year, there has been a mean land surface temperature of 0.28 degrees above average over the 1991-2020 period. Land Surface Temperature is a measure of how hot or cold the Earth would feel to touch. It measures the temperature of the air near the surface of the Earth. The increase in this temperature over the past decades has heavy implications on the planet. Although the change may appear minimal, it is significant at a global scale as it marks the increase in the temperature of the total heat stored in the atmosphere and oceans. Therefore, a 0.28 degree rise in the mean land surface temperature is not negligible. It is the biggest contributor to the rise in sea levels, melting of ice and more frequent extreme weather conditions.  

    Analysts suggest that if this trend continues, India may completely be void of the spring season. 

    On March 11, Delhi recorded its hottest day of the year with the temperature peaking at 36.8 degree celsius  which is the highest it has been in early March since 2011. These searing temperatures are not just confined to Delhi. Cities like Mumbai, Ahmedabad and Vidarbha region of Maharashtra have also shown a significant rise, where temperatures rose several degrees above the seasonal average.

    The fading of spring has its implications on the livelihood of  many as it plays a crucial role in the agricultural sector. Most crops rely on the gradual rise in temperatures to mature under proper conditions. The loss of spring heavily impacts the traditional practices linked to planting and harvesting crops. An absent spring can lead to reduced yields and affect the food security, produce and farmer incomes. In areas where the economy relies on agriculture to drive it, a failed spring season will have a trickle-down effect on the economy, thereby creating instability in the economy and an increase in the price of rations. There can be little argument against the reality that the spring season, with all of its connotations of rebirth and viability from an agricultural standpoint, is in peril. 

    This season, which has been so predictable in past years and has been able to provide for nature and man, is now most likely unforeseeable, and the land, the farmer, and the tradition are struggling to cope with this instability. A substantial factor for the unusual warmth is the sharp decline in winter precipitation across India. February alone has registered an 81% deficit, receiving a mere 4.2 mm compared to the usual 22.7 mm. The rainfalls in winters not only take away the respite that provides a balancing effect to extreme heat but also result in a chain effect that includes a rapid increase in temperature, water management problems, and the premature onset of summer heat. India is in a state of transition in terms of traditional changes in seasons and is now in a critical state. The minimum intensity has resulted in marginal rainfall and snowfall, accelerating temperature rise in India. 

    Scientific explanations apart, the loss of spring has an important effect on India due to the cultural and symbolic significance that the spring season enjoys. The spring season is commonly accepted by different cultures to be a symbol of rejuvenation, growth, and new beginnings; it is the season that marks the revival of life. The festivals of Holi and Vasant Panchami, which occur during the month of March, have an embedded association with the cultural essence of India and the arrival of the spring season. This is not limited to weather phenomena; it is about festivals, it is about agriculture, it is about the fauna that is so synchronized with the seasons that occur in India. The loss of spring, therefore, is not only about environmental loss; it is about cultural loss, it is about the loss of time within which India celebrates life. 

    The shortening of spring in India has disrupted not just nature but also the cultural fabric of society in the country. The festivals associated with the arrival of spring and the seasons, the agricultural patterns and cycles of nature associated with the arrival of spring, and even the cultural fabric of society in India are all adversely affected by the shortening of spring in India. The impact of the shortening of spring in India is also visible in the fact that the agricultural cycles and the weather patterns in India are adversely affected by the shortening of spring in the country. The waning of spring is an indication of more than just a change in the season; it illustrates the fragility of natural equilibrium. The rhythm of life that depends on the beauty of landscapes is likewise impacted by this slow erosion. As spring becomes less noticeable, it serves as a reminder to cherish its fleeting existence and acknowledge the minute environmental shifts that are reshaping our world.

  • Iran War Day 27: Trump’s Hormuz Ultimatum, Tehran Strikes, and Surging Oil Chaos

    Iran War Day 27: Trump’s Hormuz Ultimatum, Tehran Strikes, and Surging Oil Chaos

    What began as a sudden but calculated strike on February 28, 2026, quickly spiralled into a conflict that has reshaped regional stability in the Middle East overnight. The offence, carried out by the USA and Israel on Iran, was dubbed as “Operation Epic Fury”; they targeted militarily active zones, air defence sites and the supreme leader, Ali Khamenei, who was reported to be killed in the action, causing a massive uproar. Iran was caught off guard with nearly 900 airstrikes by the USA and Israel in 12 hours, resulting in massive destruction and the beginning of the war.
    Now, on the 24th day since its initiation, both sides still face intense air strikes and missile activities with the risk of attacks on nuclear sites in Israel and Iran. Iran has blockaded the Strait of Hormuz – a strategic route connecting the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman carrying 20-21% of the global oil and LNG shipment – causing a shortage of supply all over the world. Consequently, US President Donald Trump has issued a 48-hour ultimatum to Iran demanding that they reopen the Strait of Hormuz, failing which the USA will launch attacks on its power plants.
    Meanwhile, Israel has initiated fresh attacks on Tehran following Iran’s attacks on Southern Israeli towns such as Arad and Dimona. The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) claimed its dominance over Israeli skies with reports of high casualty numbers, though these have not been confirmed by Israel yet. Iran has also stated that the USA and Israel attacked the Natanz nuclear site. While the incident was reported to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), no abnormal radiation leaks have been detected.
    Globally, there has been a massive disruption of energy flow, prompting negotiations amongst Gulf Countries and the rest of the world. Crude oil prices shot up this week to nearly $91 per barrel, the biggest one-week price jump since 1983. Several of the largest oil producers in the Gulf, like Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Iraq, and Kuwait, have halted shipments of about 140 million barrels of crude oil. Additionally, Qatar has declared a force majeure on its LNG supply as a result of the attacks on its facilities. The humanitarian consequences are also devastating, with over 2,000 lives lost and thousands of people displaced from Lebanon and Israel. Trade disruptions between nations and widespread travel halts have further compounded the crisis.
    People around the world are hoping the conflict resolves soon, as the repercussions of the war are not just economic but also political and environmental. If left to escalate, the situation may shift from a mere regional dispute to a larger confrontation – reshaping alliances and threatening economies. The war has brought about serious regional instability when the world already had its focus on the crisis between Palestine and Israel, making the Middle East a very disturbed area and rendering it unfit for civilised deliberations.
  • Norman Conquest: A Progressive Shift in English

    Norman Conquest: A Progressive Shift in English

    English has become the lingua franca of the world. It enjoys a status like no other language, but if we delve into its history, we’ll find a time when the status of English plummeted.

    As a Germanic language, English shares a common ancestry with languages like German and Dutch. Yet, it consists of a large number of loanwords (words borrowed from a foreign language) from various languages like French and Spanish, which are called “Romance languages” (languages descended from Vulgar Latin). For instance, the word “cry” was derived from French.

    Around a thousand years ago, the language spoken in England was Old English, which would be utterly incomprehensible to us today. Take the epic poem Beowulf, for example. This renowned work of Old English literature, likely written before the 11th century, recounts the heroic adventures of its namesake, Beowulf. The opening lines, “Hwæt! We Gardena in geardagum, þeodcyninga, þrym gefrunon, hu ða æþelingas ellen fremedon,” seem almost alien to modern English speakers. Yet, this language evolved over centuries into the English we speak today.

    Beowulf manuscript from the British Library / Source: Wikiemedia Commons

    This brings us to the Norman Conquest, which resulted in the assimilation of French words into English. Nearly a millennium ago, the Vikings settled in northwest France and established the Duchy of Normandy under a treaty with the King of France. These settlers, known as Normans, adopted French culture and began speaking French in a distinctive dialect called “Norman French”.

    English took a dramatic turn when William, a descendant of these Viking settlers, became the Duke of Normandy. After the death of the King of England in AD1066, Edward the Confessor, William claimed that he was named the heir to the English throne by Edward, his distant cousin. However, Harold, Earl of Wessex, assumed the throne instead. As a result, William launched a bold invasion of England and defeated Harold at the famous Battle of Hastings, which completely altered the fate of English. The reign of William brought significant political, economic and social change to England.

    Years after the beginning of his rule, he commissioned the Doomsday Book, a country-wide census to record the details of all land in his kingdom. This was written in Latin, and the meanings of many rights and laws were changed. Additionally, words and concepts that were new to England were used. However, the book was never translated into English, so any explanation of the changed meanings of the rights and laws was almost inaccessible to the English speakers of England.

    William established Anglo-French as the language of public state business and the court, along with Latin. Law codes written in Old English were altered by adding French phrases, paving the way for French in English legal practice. William brought the French aristocracy to England, which created a French-speaking upper class. They could not affect the general speech but could influence the elite class, as the literacy rates in England were low at that time. Eventually, English became the language of the commoners as the nobles switched to French. Nonetheless, French was the official language, so French loanwords found their way into English. For example, the word ‘throne” was derived from the French word “trône”.

    Nearly 200 years later, French gained more momentum in England. French became attractive to the general public as it was the primary language of the aristocracy, leading to more French words and expressions being included in the English lexicon. Moreover, new words were coined from combinations of French and English words. Similarly, words were formed by adding French affixes and roots to Old English words. For instance, the combination of the English verb “hinder” and the French suffix “-ance” created the noun “hindrance”. In the evolution of English, the Norman Conquest resulted in the beginning of a new era of English – Middle English, that lasted until around AD1500, and it was around this period that English started gaining prestige.

  • Devakoothu: How women are challenging norms in a male-dominated art form

    Devakoothu: How women are challenging norms in a male-dominated art form

    Amid the wailing sounds of children crying, the shrill kuzhal being played, and the rumbling sound of a chenda, the loud footsteps echo. As the crowd gathers at the Koolom Thayakavu temple in anticipation, a red figure makes her way through the swarm. While she performs in front of the people, Ambujakshi looks majestic; the performance is divine. She is no longer herself; Valliamma, the goddess, has taken over. 

    In the artistically rich state of Kerala, Theyyam is performed predominantly in the North Malabar region. Although Theyyam has been traditionally practised by men since ancient times, there exists one form which is performed solely by women. Devakoothu , performed in the Thekkumbad Kulom temple in the district of Kannur, is based on a myth about a goddess who got lost in the island. 

    Due to a lack of records, the exact period during which the art was developed is unknown, but according to the people, it is believed to be centuries old. 

    Legend has it that devakoothu is rooted in a tale that tells the story of injustice towards a goddess. According to the tale, once, while a group of devathas (goddesses) were walking through devalokam (heaven), they came across an island on earth filled with intoxicating flowers. While the goddesses were making their way through the creepers in search of the flowers, they got lost. All goddesses except one made it out. The trapped godess, who was saved by a villager, prayed to Narada, who took the deity to Koolom. Even after returning to devalokam, her fond experiences on Earth stayed with her. Once in every two years, in the month of Dhanu, she visits the island to meet and bless the people. 

    Among the few women who choose to practice Devakoothu, Ambujakshi of Malayanvalappi is a woman who holds a special place to the people of Thekkumbad. She started performing at the age of 45, after Kattuparambil Lakshmiyamma, who performed the art for almost fourteen years, decided to retire from the stage. Ambujakshi, who was a sweeper at the Post Office, took on the mantle and performed for the first time in 2012. She had to observe a 41-day penance, during which she would wake up early, recite the mantras to evoke the god and practise for the performance. Currently, MV Ambujakshi is the only woman who is practicing the art form. 

    Devakoothu is not merely a spiritual form of expression. Being the only form of theyyam performed by women out of the 456 forms that exists, Devakoothu breaks barriers and challenges the norms set by theyyam itself. The presence of women in male-dominated art forms has been showing a shift in the recent times, and this specific form of art challenges the sanctimony of certain art forms. Women like Ambujakshi being in the forefront, reclaiming their places in the cultural forms, gives a reminder that women have also been an integral part of it and will continue to be.

  • Beyond the Myth: The Living Power of the Maha Kumbh

    Beyond the Myth: The Living Power of the Maha Kumbh

    Life is filled with curves and circles, looping through birth, death, and rebirth. Each soul is affected by karma and longs for release, Moksha. In this journey for liberation, only once every 144 years comes a moment when the heavens align. This moment is the Maha Kumbh Mela, a spiritual phenomenon where millions gather to cleanse their sins, dissolve their egos, and connect with something far greater than themselves.

    At the heart of this divine convergence is Triveni Sangam in Prayagraj, the sacred convergence of the Ganga, Yamuna, and Saraswati. According to ancient scriptures, this Sangam is not just a sacred place where these rivers meet, but it is a doorway to spiritual awakening. A dip in these holy waters during the Maha Kumbh is said to wash away lifetimes of accumulated karma, breaking away from the very cycle of life and death.

    When the Sun, Moon and Jupiter align, it is believed the rivers become charged with Amrit, the divine nectar of immortality. There existed a time when the universe itself was in a state of instability. The Devas (gods) and Asuras (demons) joined forces to churn the cosmic ocean in pursuit of Amrit. As the pot of Amrit emerged, chaos unfolded. To protect it from falling into the wrong hands, Lord Vishnu, in the form of Mohini, whisked it away. In the celestial fight that followed, four drops of Amrit fell on Earth, Prayagraj, Haridwar, Ujjain, and Nashik. These four cities became sites of sacred convergence. And thus, the Kumbh Mela was born.

    “In the eternal churn of the cosmos, gods and demons wrestled not for gold or land, but for a drop of immortality.”

    But the Maha Kumbh is not just about myths. It is also a breathtaking display of humanity. Over 400 million people visited from all corners of the world, rich and poor, saints and sceptics, to participate in this unfathomably vast gathering. Temporary cities rise on the riverbanks, complete with roads, clinics, tents, and sanitation, all for a few sacred weeks. The air hums with chants, conch shells, and the scent of incense, forming a sensory experience unlike any other.

    Leading the way into the waters are the Naga Sadhus, warriors devoted to Lord Shiva. Covered in ash, with matted hair and tridents in hand, they march nude and unbothered, a living challenge to the materialistic world. For many pilgrims, witnessing the Nagas is as transformative as the dip itself.

    And then there is the spirit of seva, selfless service. Bhandaras, or community kitchens, are set up on every lane of the city. Here, everyone eats for free. Volunteers, often anonymous and unpaid, serve hot meals from sunrise to nightfall. There is no caste, no status, only humanity sharing a meal together. It is extraordinary kindness on a massive scale, showing that devotion does not just lie in prayer, but in action.

    The Maha Kumbh Mela might appear, at first glance, like overwhelming chaos – crowds of people surging into muddy rivers, noise echoing in every direction, giving one no space to breathe. Yet, for those who stand on the riverbank, it becomes something else entirely. It feels like everything has a purpose, as if there is a deeper meaning beneath the surface.

    When you step into those cold waters, you are not just taking a bath. You’re letting go of stress, guilt, regret, or even ego. You’re washing off layers of your past. And in that moment, as the river flows around you, you don’t just feel clean, you feel light, open, and somehow… free.

    Image Source: Official Instagram Handle/ @mahakumbh_25

  • A Journey through Chettinad Heritage and Craftsmanship

    A Journey through Chettinad Heritage and Craftsmanship

    Legend has it that within the walls of the mansions of Karaikudi lie hidden treasures, carefully concealed by the wealthy Chettiars to protect their fortunes from invaders. Rumours of ghostly apparitions drifting through the corridors only add to the intrigue as residents and visitors share stories of eerie encounters and unexplained phenomena. But it’s not just the supernatural that lurks within the walls of these opulent homes. Behind the façade of wealth and splendour lies a darker history of family feuds and betrayals. Sibling rivalries, clandestine affairs, and secret alliances are whispered in hushed tones, their echoes reverberating through the halls. Yet amidst the tales of curses and hexes, there is also a sense of awe and wonder at the architectural marvels that testify to the craftsmanship and ingenuity of the Chettiar builders. Each mansion tells its own story through its unique blend of indigenous and colonial styles, its hidden symbols and motifs hinting at mysteries yet to be unravelled.

    Initially a part of the Pandiyan Dynastry and later under the rule of various dynasties such as the Cholas, Cheras and Pallavas, Karaikudi is tied to the Nattukottai Chettiar community. The Chettiars were renowned for their business astuteness, engaging in trade and banking across Southeast Asia. They established a network of businesses, bringing wealth and prosperity to Karaikudi and the surrounding areas.

    The profuse mansions of Chettinad stand as a testament to the region’s prosperous past and architectural prowess. At first, these houses might seem compact from the outside; however, hidden behind the exterior walls are spacious inner courtyards adorned with luxurious Burmese teak furnishings and majestic Italian marble columns. Beneath your feet lie the Athangudi tiles, whispering tales of a past long gone. The spaces above the window frames are adorned with miniature paintings of everything ranging from different flowers and patterns to even paintings of gods and goddesses.

    Each mansion is a work of art, reflecting a unique blend of indigenous and colonial influences. These architectural marvels offer a glimpse into Chettinad’s illustrious history and cultural heritage. The Atthangudi Palace in Karaikudi stands tall to attest to the region’s rich cultural heritage. This magnificent palace is a sight and portal to the past, beckoning visitors to step back in time and experience the grandeur of a bygone era. A personal visit to Karaikudi exposed me to these architectural marvels. I vividly remember a younger version of me staring up at the tall ceiling, the geometric tile pattern below and the timeless elegance of the window and its paintings.

    The Athangudi tiles felt so perfect yet simple at the same time. Witnessing the tile-making process, one will realise why they are popular and how sustainable they are, making them stand out. First, the glass base is placed on a foundation, followed by the outer frame and a brass pattern mould. Colours are poured into the design grill according to the desired pattern, and after laying the colour layer, a dry mixture of sand and cement is spread on top, and then the mould is filled with wet mortar. The tile is left to dry, soaked in water, and dried again before removing the glass and sanding the edges. This process makes these tiles economically affordable, sustainable, and durable, representing a blend of tradition and modernity without the need for firing or electricity during manufacturing.

    The spiritual wealth of Karaikudi is not to be underestimated either. With each clan having their respective temples built, only nine clan temples are considered the most auspicious and are also known as the ‘Nine Temples of Chettiars’. The Karpaka Vinayakar Temple, popularly known as the Pillayarpatti Temple, dedicated to Lord Ganesha, is a revered temple 12 km from Karaikudi. It is well-known for its magnificent rock-cut images of Ganesha, Siva linga, and other splendid carvings. The temple’s history dates back to the 7th century, with some parts possibly even older. The temple has a colourful gopuram, intricately designed mandapams, and shrines that follow Agamic texts and Shilpa Sastras, still attracting devotees, particularly

    women during annual festivals and chariot processions like Vinayaka Chaturthi and Brahmothsavam in Vaikasi month.

    During my stay at the Bangla and Heritage Resort, I took a cooking class and watched the chefs expertly prepare local Chettinad dishes, and it became evident why this cuisine is so beloved. What sets Chettinad cuisine apart is its masterful use of freshly ground masalas, incorporating a blend of spices like fenugreek, star anise, and peppercorns. Combined with onions, tomatoes, coconut, and aromatic herbs, these masalas transform regional dishes into gastronomic delights. Chettinad cuisine is particularly renowned for its non-vegetarian offerings, including Nattukozhi Kozhambu (country chicken), Aatukari Kozhambu (lamb), and Karaikudi Eral (prawn) masala. These dishes are commonly enjoyed alongside staples like idli, dosa, parotta, and appam, enhancing their flavours and elevating the dining experience.

    Photo Credits: A Chettinad House in Karaikudi /Poornima Narayan